一组意义相近的副词的用法比较

 

[本站整理 2008-02-20]

 

1.   already，yet，still

 

already一般用于肯定句或疑问句中，表示某事“已经”发生；yet一般用于否定句或疑问句中，位于句末，意为“还，已经”；still一般用于肯定句，也可用于疑问句，意为“仍然，还”。

 

I have already read the book.
We haven’t made speeches yet.
Is my skirt dry yet?
I still hope to get some advice from you on my studies.

 

2.   too，also，as well，either

 

这几个词都表示“也”。 too，also，as well意思相近，一般不用于否定句中，否定句中用either。too常位于句末，也紧接在主语后面；also一般用于肯定句和疑问句中，位于实义动词之前；as well一般位于句末；either也一般位于句末。

 

They grow cotton, too.
He his also interested in computers.
He is a teacher, and a poet as well.
You didn’t go and she didn’t go, either.

 

3.   faily，rather，quite

 

三者都有“相当”的意思，但failry词义最弱，quite稍强，rather最强。fairly一般表示肯定、褒义，rather有时表示否定、贬义。

 

It is fairly cool today.
It is rather cold today.
I don’t quite understand what you said.
 I rather like the song.

 

3.   so，neither，nor

 

三者都可以用来代表前面说过的事物，以避免重复。so只能用在肯定句里，在否定句中用neither或nor，结构相同，表示“也不”。

 

He has seen the film. So have I .
Jim doesn’t like the novel. Neither (Nor) does Linda.

 

4.   ago, before

 

ago 表示从现在往前推算的“一段时间以前”，而before 表示从过去某时刻再往前推算的“一段时间以前”。因此，ago常与一般过去时连用，before常与过去完成时连用。

 

He bought a violin a week ago.
From his letter I knew that he had bought a violin a week before.

 

另外，before可表示不确定的过去，而ago则不能：

 

Have you been there before?

 

5.   very, much, very much

 

very可修饰形容词及副词，much或very much修饰动词；much还可修饰比较级及过去分词。

 

The novel is very good.
This novel is much better than that one.
Her Japanese is improved very much.

 

6.   not, no

 

not是副词，与动词连用；no是形容词，能修饰名词。有时no=not any。如：
I have no brothers. / I have no any brothers.

 

7. close, closely

 

close意思是“近”；closely 意思是“仔细地”

 

He is sitting close to me.
Watch him closely.

 

8. late , lately

 

late意思是“晚”；lately 意思是“最近”

 

You have come too late.
What have you been doing lately？

 

9. deep, deeply

 

deep意思是“深”，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，“深深地”

 

He pushed the stick deep into the mud.
Even father was deeply moved by the film.

 

10. high, highly

 

high表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much

 

The plane was flying high.
I think highly of your opinion.

 

11. wide, widely

 

wide表示空间宽度；widely意思是“广泛地”，“在许多地方”

 

He opened the door wide.
English is widely used in the world.

 

12. free, freely

 

free的意思是“免费”；freely 的意思是“无限制地”

 

You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.
You may speak freely；say what you like.